What is spermidine and how does it affect our health and longevity?

22. Mai 2025· 3 Min. Lesezeit
Lebensmittel mit Spermidin fördern Autophagie und Langlebigkeit

In the quest for a long, healthy life, longevity research focuses on specific bioactive molecules. One of these has attracted particular attention in recent years: spermidine – an endogenous substance that contributes crucially to cell health and can support a healthy lifespan by activating a cellular self-cleaning process.¹

 

What is spermidine?

Spermidine is a polyamine – a small organic compound found in every cell of the human body. It was discovered as early as 1678 by the Dutch scientist Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, originally in human semen.² In the body, it is formed by conversion from other polyamines such as putrescine.

What makes spermidine so unique: it can bind to various cell components and is thus involved in numerous essential processes – such as cell division, DNA stability, protein biosynthesis, and the regulation of cell growth.³ These functions make spermidine a central component of cellular homeostasis. 

 

Spermidine and autophagy – the cell's natural cleaning process

One of the most fascinating mechanisms of action of spermidine is its ability to promote the process of autophagy – the "self-cleaning" of the cell. In this process, damaged cell components, faulty proteins, or aged cell organelles are recognized, broken down, and recycled.⁴

This process is controlled, among other things, via the TOR signaling pathway and is essential for cell health. With increasing age, the ability to perform autophagy decreases – which can lead to the accumulation of cellular waste products, increased oxidative stress, and chronic inflammatory processes.⁵ Spermidine helps to prevent this breakdown by reactivating autophagy and thus seems to "rejuvenate" the cells.

 

Spermidine and health – from heart to brain

Numerous studies confirm the health benefits of spermidine:

  • Cardiovascular diseases: A large observational study with over 800 participants showed that people with higher spermidine intake had a significantly lower incidence of cardiovascular diseases.⁶

  • Cancer and metabolic prevention: In animal models, a spermidine-rich diet could reduce the risk of age-related diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and obesity.⁷

  • Neuroprotection: Spermidine has been shown to reduce amyloid-beta deposits – the protein clumps associated with Alzheimer's disease.⁸

 

Spermidine and visible vitality – skin, hair, nails

In addition to cell and metabolic health, spermidine can also support external aging. User reports and initial studies show indications of:

  • smoother skin due to improved collagen structure

  • stimulated hair growth

  • stronger nails

  • optimized skin barrier function⁹

These cosmetic effects also make spermidine interesting for people who want to not only feel but also see their vitality.

 

Spermidine sources – why wheat germ extract?

Spermidine is naturally found in certain foods – including wheat germ, shiitake mushrooms, aged cheese, and legumes. However, even with a balanced diet, daily intake can fluctuate greatly – especially since spermidine levels in the body decrease with age.¹⁰

That's why many people turn to dietary supplements that contain highly concentrated spermidine. A proven source is natural wheat germ extract – a plant-based product that is standardized and purified using modern processes. The great advantage:
Wheat germ contains particularly high amounts of bioavailable spermidine, is well tolerated, and has been scientifically studied for decades.¹¹

 

Conclusion

Spermidine is far more than just a trend in the longevity scene. As a natural activator of autophagy, it offers a unique mechanism of action to promote healthy cellular aging – with possible benefits for the heart, brain, skin, and metabolism. Particularly through the intake of high-quality wheat germ extracts, a stable supply can be ensured – thus actively contributing to health and vitality in old age.

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Choi, YH, & Park, HY (2012). Anti-inflammatory effects of spermidine in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. Journal of Biomedical Science, 19(1), 31.https://doi.org/10.1186/1423-0127-19-31

Eisenberg, T., Knauer, H., Schauer, A., et al. (2009). Induction of autophagy by spermidine promotes longevity. Nature Cell Biology, 11, 1305-1314.https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb1975

Eisenberg, T., Abdellatif, M., Schroeder, S., et al. (2016). Cardioprotection and lifespan extension by the natural polyamine spermidine. Nature Medicine, 22(12), 1428-1438.https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.4222

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Kim, G., Kim, M., Kim, M., et al. (2021). Spermidine-induced recovery of human dermal structure and barrier function by skin microbiome. Communications Biology, 4, Article number: 231.https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-020-01619-4

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https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqy102

Madeo, F.,Carmona-Gutierrez, D., Kepp, O.,et al. (2018). Spermidine delays aging in humans. Aging (Albany NY), 10(8), 2209.https://doi.org/10.18632%2Faging.101517

Madeo, F., Eisenberg, T., Pietrocola, F., et al. (2018). Spermidine in health and disease. Science, 359(6374).https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aan2788

Madeo, F., Bauer, MA, Carmona-Gutierrez, D., et al. (2019). Spermidine: a physiological autophagy inducer acting as an anti-aging
vitamins in humans? Autophagy, 15(1), 165-168.
https://doi.org/10.1080/15548627.2018.1530929

Pekar, T., Bruckner, K., Pauschenwein-Frantsich, S., et al. (2021). The positive effect of spermidine in older adults suffering from dementia. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 133, 484–491.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-020-01758-y

Rinaldi, F., Marzani, B., Pinto, D., et al. (2017). A spermidine-based nutritional supplement prolongs the anagen phase of hair follicles in humans. Dermatology Practical & Conceptual, 7(4), 17-21.https://doi.org/10.5826%2Fdpc.0704a05

Ramot, Y., Tiede, S., Biro, T., et al. (2011). Spermidine promotes human hair growth and is a novel modulator of human epithelial stem cell functions. PLoS ONE, 6(7): e22564.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022564

Schroeder, S., Hofer, SJ, Zimmermann, A., et al. (2021). Dietary spermidine improves cognitive function. Cell Reports, 35(2),
108985.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108985

Soda, K., Dobashi, Y., Kano, Y., et al. (2009). Polyamine-rich food decreases age-associated pathology and mortality in aged mice. Experimental Gerontology, 44(11), 727-732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2009.08.013

Yue, F., Li, W., Zou, J., et al. (2017). Spermidine prolongs lifespan and prevents liver fibrosis and hepatocellular
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https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3462

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